Mozambique is a low-income least developed country (LILDC). 70% of the population lives below the poverty line.  About 65% of Mozambicans live in rural areas and engage in small-scale rain-fed agriculture for the production of staple food and cash crops, as well as rearing livestock.  The country's economy is based largely on agriculture, which employs roughly 80% of the country's population in mostly subsistence operations. Mozambique suffers from regular floods along its principal rivers, particularly in the Zambezi and Limpopo river basins. Cyclones also affect the country annually. Cholera is endemic in some areas of Mozambique. Regarding drought risk, the southern and central regions of the country are the most prone.

Since 2007, OCHA ROSA has been supporting various activities in Mozambique, including:

• Facilitating the deployment of UNDAC Team to support to flood disaster
• Establishing a cluster system together with the UN Resident Coordinator RC for preparedness and response;
• Deploying an inter-cluster coordinator in 2008 to support local coordination in flood-affected areas.
• Mainstreaming of humanitarian issues into the UNDAF.
• Leading a regional mission to support planning for migrants of humanitarian concern.
• Humanitarian financing (ECG and CERF Projects)