Ethiopia

In 2025, Ethiopia continues to face overlapping and complex humanitarian challenges driven by conflict, climate shocks, disease outbreaks, and economic hardship. Although national development efforts have made notable progress over the past decade, particularly in expanding access to basic services and reducing poverty, multiple natural and man-made crises have reversed gains in many regions. As a result, millions remain in urgent need of assistance across sectors, including food, nutrition, health, protection, education, water, sanitation and hygiene and shelter. 

In the regions of Afar, Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz, Oromia, Somali and Tigray, a combination of conflict, violence, climate shocks and disease outbreaks has led to displacement, food insecurity, and the disruption of essential services. In some areas, entire communities lack access to safe water, medical care, adequate shelter, or education. The urban poor and chronically underserved rural populations also continue to experience critical gaps in services and livelihoods. 

Multiple disease outbreaks have also been reported around the country because of people’s deepening vulnerability compounded by the lack of adequate access to social services.

Humanitarian needs driven by conflict, violence, climate shocks and disease outbreaks will continue to require sustained attention from the government, humanitarian actors and development partners. In some regions, conflict and violence show no sign of abating. Protracted displacements (much of it lasting over three years) will require continued life-sustaining assistance, pending full recovery and rehabilitation. Public health emergencies continue to exacerbate humanitarian needs, particularly in areas affected by displacement, poor sanitation, and limited access to basic services. Cholera, malaria, and measles remain the most significant disease outbreaks, placing considerable strain on an already overstretched health system.

Humanitarian funding for Ethiopia has fluctuated significantly over recent years. In 2025, the global humanitarian system is facing its most severe financial crisis, with significant impacts on life-saving operations in Ethiopia. 

Despite these challenges, between January and June 2025, the Government of Ethiopia and humanitarian partners reached 6.8 million people with either one type of humanitarian non-food assistance and/or monthly food distributions, at a cost of US$311 million in tracked funding. Local communities and organizations continue to serve as the first responders.