Rapid Needs Assessment Report: Floods in Punjab (23 September 2025)

Key Highlights

1. The RNA was conducted from 8 to 18 September covering 1,928 Mouzas in 18 flood affected districts in Punjab. The assessed districts include Bahawalnagar, Bahawalpur,
   Chiniot, Dera Ghazi Khan, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Hafizabad, Jhang, Kasur, Khanewal, Mandi Bahauddin, Multan, Muzaffargarh, Narowal, Okara, Rahim Yar Khan, Sialkot, and Vehari of Punjab Province.

2. In the RNA assessed locations, the monsoon floods affected 4.2 million people and nearly 2.8 million people were displaced. During this monsoon season, according to PDMA Punjab, some 4.7m people are reportedly affected across 28 districts in Punjab.

3. About 161,700 houses were damaged, of which 28 per cent were fully damaged and 72 per cent were partially damaged. In over 93 per cent of the assessed locations, some damage to houses was reported.

4. According to reports from School education department, floods damaged 667 schools1 across 18 districts, of which 54 per cent were girls’ schools.

5. A total of 742 health facilities were assessed across 18 districts, out of which 395 facilities (53 per cent) were reported damaged (315 partially damaged while 80 were fully or severely damaged) posing a serious threat to the continuity of healthcare services.

6. Epidemic disease numbers increased among the affected mouzas. The flood affected villages assessed in Punjab highlights a significant disease burden. The findings indicate that Malaria (64 per cent of the assessed villages) is the most reported health concern, followed by Skin Infections (58 per cent) and Diarrhoea (41 per cent), reflecting the deteriorating water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions. Dengue (32 per cent) is also reported at considerable levels, adding to the vector-borne disease challenge. Other diseases observed include Acute Watery Diarrhoea (12 per cent), Suspected Cholera (10 per cent), Acute Respiratory Infections (5 per cent), and Measles (3 per cent), while 9 per cent of the villages reported no major disease occurrence.

7. Nearly 75 per cent of the communities assessed in the 18 flood affected districts reported that food prices increased since the floods, with the highest per centage of respondents in Gujranwala reporting increase in price (at 100 per cent of the locations assessed reported increase in price) followed by Multan at 97.2 per cent of the respondents, Bahawalpur at 89.7 per cent, Chiniot at 87.8 per cent, Hafizabad at 85.1 per cent of the respondents.

8. Over 25 per cent of assessed mouzas reported general safety risks for women and girls including limited access to services (46 per cent of locations reporting safety risks), harassment (39 per cent), and Gender-Based Violence (32 per cent).

9. The assessment revealed widespread nutrition issues in flood-affected villages. 37 per cent of the respondents observed or were aware of child malnutrition in their communities. It found that in 29 per cent of assessed locations, mothers experienced difficulties related to breastfeeding. Only 35 per cent of respondents confirmed the availability of breastfeeding support. 32 per cent of respondents reported the provision of mobile nutrition services during the emergency. 36 per cent acknowledged distribution of infant milk products and baby bottles after the flooding.

10. The districts were prioritized into High, Medium and Low categories using four indicators (affected people, displaced people, houses damage, and cropland damage). The high priority districts are Muzaffargarh, Multan, Khanewal, Jhang, and Bahawalpur; and the medium priority districts are Bahawalnagar, Hafizabad, Okara and Rahim Yar Khan.