South Sudan: Humanitarian Snapshot (October 2025)

Escalating conflict, displacement, access constraints, economic instability, climate shocks, and disease outbreaks continued to worsen the humanitarian crisis in South Sudan throughout October. An estimated 5.83 million people (42% of the population) faced high levels of acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3 or above), including 28,000 in Catastrophic (IPC Phase 5) conditions—17,000 in Nasir County and 11,000 in Fangak County. Over 1 million people in 29 counties across six states were affected by flooding, with 355,000 displaced. Jonglei and Unity states accounted for 87% of those impacted. In Unity State, Bentiu and Rubkona towns remain below water level, protected by earthen dykes requiring constant reinforcement. Since January 2025, 322,000 people have fled their homes due to intensified fighting across the country. In Western Equatoria State, over 165,000 displaced since June due to conflict and airstrikes in Nagero, Tambura, Ezo, Mundri East, and Ibba. In Western Bahr el Ghazal State, around 5,000 people were displaced in Jur River County after clashes and airstrikes on 14 October. In Abyei Administrative Area, about 200 individuals sought refuge at the base of the United Nations Interim Security Forces for Abyei on 6 October following South Sudan People’s Defense Forces clashes at Athony Junction. In Warrap State, airstrikes in Tonj East County caused panic and displacement. In Upper Nile State, an inter-agency assessment revealed severe gaps in basic services after eight months of conflict in Nasir County. In Jonglei State, an inter-agency assessment field mission confirmed a deteriorating humanitarian situation affecting 25,500 people in the southern part of Canal/Pigi County. Cholera remains a major concern, with 95,423 cases and 1,581 deaths reported across 55 counties since the outbreak began in September 2024. Health and WASH partners continue containment efforts.